High Rock Lake Archeology, Geology and Travels
High Rock Lake
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Geologic Considerations
   Having a wedding as an excuse to get out of town, I took a recent trip to High Rock Lake with the idea to figure out the history of a high lake level associated with a large slumping which closed the previous outlet from this large watershed to cut a new one. The drive went quickly, stopped in the BLM office in Cedarville where the geologist had time to talk a few minutes. Having just a shovel, there's no problem with taking samples, I was given the archeologist's name and number, a township map, and off I go.

   This event, described as a landslide, was more of a slumping rotation of a half mile wide area several hundred feet deep at the head of Box Canyon. Both sides of the valley may have deposited material, but the north side seems more a normal landslide of small proportions. The two sides have differing basalts, to the south very gray in color, while the north is dark red. There is presumably a fault connected to the canyon which is likely the cause of the slumping via earth movements or earthquakes weakening the area and triggering the event.

Large slump area, reddish basalts.

   The lake basin groundwater flow today drains to this old outlet, the remnant water gathering at the entrance to the canyon. If the lake rises enough, overflow today is out the new outlet to Fly Creek north a few miles.

Looking westward to High Rock Lake.

   Notice the very flat basin beyond the water in the photograph, this extends off-camera north, to the right, and south for miles in both directions, an area determined as lake caused sediments in origin, lacrustrine, on all the geologic maps available.
   A change of less than ten feet (3m) would put most all of this under water. My previous thinking of an ancient lake level near ~5,000ft/1523m now seems to have been from features formed during the slump caused lake, with the ancient lake a very shallow one. This shallow lake would have dried during drought cycles. The photo below is from a small beach miles to the west looking back at the slump area, a change in shrubs is noticeable in the foreground which indicates the different soil type for this flat area, about ten square miles of it (I think it's rabbitbrush versus mainly sage on the old beaches).

Entrance to Box Canyon, very flat valley floor.
   The idea of a lake at this elevation, about ~4890ft/1490m having existed before the blockage is quite possible. There are rock gateways at the entrance and near the middle of the mess is what appears to be solid rock outcropings not put there by the slumping. I now remember that there is no spring at the head of Box Canyon, so none of the water from the lake seeps through the pile, there must be a bedrock lip above the lake level. If the pile went lower, it's fractured material would conduct groundwater flow downhill to Box Canyon and support spring or meadow plants; none of those are visible in the upper canyon to the first bend.

   There is other evidence which points to a fairly stable lake at a lower level as well. This would have been prior to the high level lake. There is a very flat portion of the basin for miles to the south up Smoky Canyon to the main basin containing today's High Rock Lake.

 
Basaltic caps to rhyolite.

 
   At Fly Creek, above right, there are two distinct basaltic caps to softer rhyolite underneath, and, at elevations which correspond to water worn rocks miles away on the landslide slope, about 4,980ft/1517m for the upper. This seems to have caused a stand long enough to produce the water worn rocks high up on the slump pile and which you can see on topographic maps as beach steps and isolated pinnacles.

Basin with both outlets.
   The slumping event was very massive, here are several views to help illustrate what happened. Almost a mile of the hillside on the right side, or south, rotated to fill the valley. Illustration of the slumping motions.

   I brought a post hole digger, what a joke, and estimate that at least 35ft/10m of sediment cores are needed to establish the history of the past 20k years or so. I only dug several feet down. The upper layers are unconsolidated and moist. The wedding called, I packed up, used some drinking water to he